At the beginning of this year, through its Platform for Shaping the Future of the New Economy and Society, the World Economic Forum published an innovate study of on “The Jobs of Tomorrow: Mapping Opportunity in the New Economy[i].” The authors used sophisticated statistical techniques to estimate the extent to which seven key career clusters of the new economy will be responsible for job opportunities over the next few years. These emerging jobs will create high demand for both technology-oriented and more human-oriented opportunities that can fulfil people’s personal aspirations and potential.
The jobs of tomorrow cluster around seven themes: (1) caring professions; (2) data and Artificial Intelligence; (3) engineering and cloud computing; (4) green professions; (5) marketing, sales and content; (6) people and culture; (7) product development. Some of the more likely ‘hot jobs’ of the future include:
medical transcriptionist
athletic trainers
exercise physiologists
data scientist
Big Data developer
insights analyst
site reliability engineer (cloud computing)
full stack engineer
Python developer
landfill system technician
wind turbine service technician
sustainability specialists
human resources partner
talent acquisition specialist
HR business partner
Quality Assurance tester
Agile coach
Scrum master
digital product owner
social media content producer
marketing growth hacker
customer specialist
chief commercial officer
creative copywriter
Predicting the future is a notoriously tricky business, but schools must do their best to prepare young people for the world of work that will welcome their graduates in a very few years. What skills should schools be helping student to develop for full participation in the jobs marketplace being created by the Fourth Industrial Revolution[ii]?
Some skills are familiar, having formed the backbone of learning and teaching in schools for many years. Students will always need to read, perceptively, write persuasively, and apply mathematical understanding practically –although now they must do so in digital, technology-rich environments (and with increasing degrees of sophistication). Learning multiple languages is a good idea; so is learning how to manage projects; how lead and care for others; how to be an active, healthy individual.
But there may need some new subjects in the curriculum, and some more attention to the development of opportunities for students to engage with real world learning that helps prepare them for the world to come. Computers (or more specifically, computer-human interaction), to no one’s surprise, will be key. But data science, data visualization, data storage technologies, data literacy, and data analytics are brave new disciplines for most secondary schools. Allied health professions will be big. It will be important to inspire children with learning engagements that do shy away from the physical body and its care (even if what they learn is through advanced simulations). The creative arts will be ever-more central, and business/ entrepreneurial / management/ manufacturing career courses may need a refresh (and some long-overdue additional prestige).
Education for the future will likely be more skills-oriented, and less concerned with validating content knowledge. It will always be important to know things, but it is increasingly important to harness knowledge to action. Students also need to learn how to do things. People (‘soft’) skills, digital literacy skills, and technical skills will need to frame the scope and sequence of learning at tomorrow’s schools. Tech skills and content production skills will need to develop new baselines, and offer structured learning engagements that bring students into contact with disruptive technologies as they’re emerging.
Probably very few teachers are ready to lead this change, so it will be important to soften the edges between school and the world beyond the classroom. We will need powerful partnerships for learning, and innovative structure to scaffold students’ introduction to tomorrow’s occupations. We will need new academic programs that value careers[iii] and perhaps other non-traditional academic pathways for outliers and social entrepreneurs who have often languished in the lock-step progressions of learning that most educational institutions have learned to do so well.
The emerging labour market offers opportunities galore—ready or not, here it comes.
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